Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2020 11 01 Prevalence of parasitic contamination in vegetables distributed in Yazd city, center of Iran 1 7 121498 10.30502/jhhhm.2020.247311.1023 EN Somayeh Mousavi Nodushan Foods and Drugs Laboratory, Deputy of Food and Drug, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mahin Ghaforzadeh Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical science, Yazd, Iran. Roqieh Sadat Razavi Mahmoodabadi Foods and Drugs Laboratory, Deputy of Food and Drug, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Naeimeh Akramzadeh Foods and Drugs Laboratory, Deputy of Food and Drug, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. 0000-0002-5867-1339 Journal Article 2020 07 15 Background and objective: Parasitic infections damage human health in different ways especially by gastrointestinal disorders. Several investigations have been done on determination of parasites in vegetables in the world. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of parasitic contamination in edible vegetables available in Yazd city (center of Iran) and suggestion of appropriate methods for prevention and control of the contamination. Materials and methods: Four hundred samples of washed and unwashed vegetables were investigated by sedimentation and centrifugation method. The method was included to washing the vegetables by water and detergent and then rinsing several times. The sediments were centrifuged and finally stained with Lugol's iodine solution. Vegetables in the study were included to leek, parsley, coriander, dill, radishes, scallion, garden cress, basil, mint, and fenugreek. Results and conclusion: Sixty fine out of 200 unwashed vegetables (32.5%) and three out of 200 washed vegetable (1.5%) were infected by parasites. The most contamination in the unwashed vegetables were related to terrestrial nematode, inhuman parasite eggs, and parasitic worm eggs, while their contamination dropped significantly in the washed vegetables. Among the all samples, leek and scallion were the most contaminated and radish had the least contamination. The highest level of contamination was observed in summer and the least level of contamination was observed in winter. In conclusion, parasitic contamination of the vegetables in Yazd was at moderate level. However, it is possible to prevent parasitic infection in humans by proper training of people in preparation and disinfection of vegetables.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_121498_132de569a9b2c91ed218660eb634a4e3.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2020 11 01 Separation and simultaneous determination of paracetamol, phenylephrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate in a commercial tablet by a rapid isocratic HPLC method 8 14 121499 10.30502/jhhhm.2020.224438.1014 EN Afsaneh Nabi Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Mohamad Saber Tehrani Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Samaneh Farrokhzadeh Analytical Chemistry Research Lab, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran. 0000-0002-2792-7872 Naficeh Sadeghi Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Halal Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-1613-1617 Journal Article 2020 03 25 Background and objective: Pharmaceutical formulations for relief of cold signs usually contain high concentration of acetaminophen and small concentration of phenylephrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate. The combination makes a problem in simultaneous quantification of the chemicals. Mixture of paracetamol, phenylephrine hydrochloride, chlorpheniramine maleate, and caffeine is commonly used for its analgesic, antipyretic, antihistamine, and antitussive activity. At this study, a simple method based on reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography was developed and validated for detection of chlorpheniramine maleate, phenylephrine hydrochloride, and paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations at the same time. Materials and methods: One ml of stock solutions was diluted with mobile phase to prepare final concentrations of the all three chemicals (20 mg/l of chlorpheniramine maleate, 325 mg/l of phenylephrine hydrochloride, and 50 mg/l of paracetamol). The formulations were prepared by addition of the chemicals to a volumetric flask. Then, they were made up to 100 ml with mobile phase of 0.05 M phosphate buffer:acetonitrile (95:5). pH of the mobile phase was adjusted to 2.5 with 50% orthophosphoric acid. The experiments were done in 250 mm ´ 4.6 mm ´ 5 µm C18 column. Results and conclusion: Based on the results, flow rate was 1.5 ml/minduring isocratic elution of the samples. The analytes were detected at 210 nm by UV detector. Retention time of the last eluted analyte was 8 min. The method was validated based on ICH guidelines. The results revealed that the proposed method is valid and accurate. Therefore, the validated method can be applied for routine examination of tablets in order to control their quality and stability.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_121499_53a94135334834edcfdb893b7764a15a.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2020 11 01 Biodegradable brush copolymer nanomicelles for smart release of doxorubicin 15 23 121497 10.30502/jhhhm.2020.210209.1005 EN Aliyeh Ghamkhari Institute of Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran. 0000-0003-0154-2701 Nazila Taghavi Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2019 12 02 Background and objective: In cancer therapy, smart and biocompatible nanocarriers are the most important features of therapeutic agents. pH-sensitive drug delivery nanocarriers which can be remotely prompted are attractive for patients management and therapeutic purposes. In this paper, a novel nanocarrier was fabricated and investigated for controlled release of Doxorubicin (DOX). Materials and methods: Self-assembled nanomicelles containing a hydrophilic core and a hydrophobic shell were successfully prepared using poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-graft-ε-caprolactone)-block-poly (methacrylic acid) [P(HEMA-g-CL)-b-(PMAAc)] brush copolymer by combining reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) and ring open polymerization (ROP). Morphology, micelles properties, and pH-sensitive behavior were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and distribution laser-scattering (DLS) analysis. Results and conclusion: Molecular weight of P(HEMA-g-CL) and [P(HEMA-g-CL)-b-PMAAc] samples was obtained as 15117 g mol-1 and 25887 g mol-1, respectively. The polydispersity index (PDI) of P(HEMA-g-CL) (PDI = 1.14) and [P(HEMA-g-CL)-b-PMAAc] (PDI = 1.19) synthesized byRAFT polymerization were relatively low, suggesting good control of the technique over the process. The self-assembled micelles were pH-sensitive and showed low critical concentration in water. TEM showed that the micelles had nanosized spherical shape with average size of 35 nm. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) value of [P(HEMA-g-CL)-b-PMAAc] micelle was 0.025 g l-1. Encapsulation efficacy of the nanomicelle was 94.3%. Release behavior of DOX from the nanomicelles revealed that rate of core release could be efficiently controlled by body temperature and pH. In this regard, the release rate at pH of 7.4 and 5.4 was 54.73% and 36.52%, respectively. As a conclusion, structure of the nanocarrier and its controllable characteristics introduced it as appropriate vehicle in drug delivery.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_121497_2e7bb69ec13f3c244d2df83d8138aef5.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2020 11 15 Determination of zinc, copper, lead and cadmium concentration in breastmilk by anodic stripping voltammetry method and investigating their impact on infants’ growth indicators 24 30 119539 10.30502/jhhhm.2020.226846.1015 EN Naficeh Sadeghi Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-1613-1617 Behrooz Jannat Halal Research Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0001-9208-2709 Masoomeh Behzad Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-1613-1617 Mohammad Reza Oveisi Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mannan Hajimahmoodi Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0003-0006-6125 Fatemeh Ahmadi Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2020 04 13 Background and objective: Breastmilk provides nutritional, immunological, psychological, and developmental benefits for infants. Zinc and copper are essential elements, being involved in many biological processes. Their insufficient intake by infants can detrimentally affect function of body. In comparison, lead and cadmium are harmful trace elements which accumulate in women before pregnancy, transfer to fetus through placenta in pregnancy and then to infant through breastmilk in lactating period. The aims of this study was to investigate effect of zinc, copper, lead, and cadmium in breastmilk on infants’ growth and their correlations with the mothers’ dietary intake. Materials and methods: Breastmilk samples and food intake information were collected from 160 lactating women in Tehran. Concentration of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium were determined by anodic stripping voltammetry conducted by microwave digestion. Results and conclusion: According to the results, concentration of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium were 0.36 ±0.33 mg/l, 2.40 ±2.02 mg/l, 7.15 ±5.96 μg/l, and 1.07 ±1.14 μg/l, respectively. Concentration of zinc and copper in breastmilk were increased by consumption of dairy, vegetables, fruits, bread, and nuts. Infants’ height, weight and head circumstance at birthday were directly correlated with zinc concentration while reversed correlation was observed for copper, lead and cadmium in the samples. In conclusion, controlled dietary intake of women before pregnancy and after childbirth has significant impact on healthy status of the infants. Obviously, more attention should be paid on potential sources of lead intake in women of Tehran because of its high concentration in the samples.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_119539_589c687712d833fa3f5c7475b3413943.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2020 11 15 Comparing the mesiodistal crown size of permanent teeth in male and female orthodontics patients 31 36 119564 10.30502/jhhhm.2020.238399.1018 EN Maryam Hosseinpour Sarmadi Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 0000-0002-2599-4553 Farshad Javadzadeh Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 0000-0003-3809-3903 Amir Mohammadi Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 0000-0002-4396-8447 Journal Article 2020 07 26 Background and objective: In orthodontics, reconstructive and aesthetic dentistry, knowing about size of teeth can help in better reconstruction. Tooth size is mainly affected by two factors of genetic and environment. The aim of this study is determination of mesiodistal size of casts prepared from permanent teeth in both sides of jaw in male and female patients. Materials and methods: A descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 250 diagnostic alginate casts prepared from orthodontics patients. The biggest mesiodistal size, from medially anatomic contact point to distally anatomical contact point, was recorded with a digital caliper. One person did the measurements and accuracy was calculated as 0.01. Results and conclusion: In maxillary teeth, higher size was recorded than mandibular teeth. Mesiodistal size of right canine teeth (in both jaws) and mesiodistal size of the mandibular second premolar (in both sides) in men was significantly higher than women. Total mesiodistal size of maxillary and mandibular teeth at both right and left sides in men and women was same. The results can be useful in reconstructive purposes when a natural size is required by dentists.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_119564_3d720155379c24793b8e7d40a752a8a3.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2020 11 22 Challenges in breeding and consumption of insects as feed and food in Iran 37 46 119956 10.30502/jhhhm.2020.246223.1022 EN Yahya Ostadi Department of Agricultural Economics, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-6300-8355 Gholamreza Yavari Department of Agricultural Economics, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. Mohsen Shokat Fadaei Department of Agricultural Economics, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. Majid Ahmadian Department of Economic, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. Sohrab Imani Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2020 09 01 Background and objective: Consumption of insects as alternative sustainable source of protein for humans and animals has been promoted. Other than nutritional benefits, insects could increase cost-effectiveness of food or feed systems. The present research aims to use analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to prioritize the challenges lying ahead of breeding and consumption of insects as feed and food in view of consumers. Materials and methods: This study was conducted by a descriptive-analytical method. The participants were inhabitants of Tehran (capital city of Iran). The current challenges ahead of edible insects were investigated according to the opinions of experts in the field and review of the relevant literatures. A questionnaire was prepared and further completed by 20 experts. The challenges were identified as eight criteria including economy, infrastructure, health and food, culture and attitude, management and support, legal limitation, sustainable development, and education. Then, 83 sub-criteria were defined for the eight criteria. In order to prioritize the criteria and the sub-criteria, a hierarchical tree was designed. At the end, paired comparison matrices were analyzed by Expert Choice 11 software and relative/final weights of the criteria and the sub-criteria were calculated. Results and conclusion: Results showed that “health and food” with final weight of 0.335, “culture and attitude” with final weight of 0.222, and “education” with final weight of 0.190 were the top three challenges. Importantly, incompatibility rate was less than 0.1 in all cases. At sub-criteria level, acceptability of edible insects by people in term of “taste and odor”, “existence of pathogenic microorganisms”, and “possible poisoning in human” with final weights of 0.049, 0.037, and 0.035, respectively, were considered as the most important challenges. Our evaluation revealed that health-related issues were the main challenges in acceptance of insects as feed and food in Iran.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_119956_8d79b0f118c82eb9736379a4e8f69f8b.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2021 01 12 Fabrication and characterization of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol-graphene oxide nanocomposite scaffold for wound healing purposes 47 55 122454 10.30502/jhhhm.2021.249912.1025 EN Fariba Saeedi Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Arash Montazeri Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. 0000-0001-8418-5791 Yaser Bahari Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. 0000-0002-4843-6861 Malihe Pishvaei Institute of Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran. Behrooz Jannat Halal Research Center of IRI, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0001-9208-2709 Mahdi Rasa Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Fatemeh Saeedi Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Journal Article 2020 09 24 Background and objective: Traditional transplant methods have been replaced by tissue engineering as a novel treatment. It involves the use of nanocomposite scaffolds with or without cells. Bacterial infection is one of interfering factors against suitable wound healing because it poses the site at risk of long-term side effects. Protection of wound from bacteria is necessary for its better recovery. Selection of appropriate materials for wound dressing is facilitated by understanding of wound healing mechanism and the compounds’ properties. Our study aimed to evaluate biological characteristics of chitosan (CS)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (50:50) scaffold reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) for wound healing. Materials and methods: For fabrication of nanocomposites, ultrasound waves helped in better distribution of GO within the polymer matrix and scaffolds were prepared by casting method. The nanocomposite scaffolds were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to find out dispersion of GO in the polymer matrix. Biological characteristics were examined by in vitro antibacterial tests. Results and conclusion: The scaffold reinforced with 3% (w/w) GO showed better morphological and biological properties than the others. Suitability of the scaffolds for cell proliferation was confirmed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) cell toxicity test. Absorption (λ = 570 nm) of CS-PVA (50:50)/3% (w/w) GO scaffold increased by 84% compared to CS-PVA (50:50) scaffold. Inhibition zone of CS-PVA (50:50)/3% (w/w) GO was 18 and 20 mm for Pseudomonas aeru-ginosa and Micrococcus luteus, respectively, that was higher than the inhibition zone measured for CS-PVA (50:50) scaffold. According to cell viability result, mouse fibroblast cells (L929) could adhere on the CS-PVA (50:50)/3% (w/w) GO nanocomposite scaffold. In conclusion, GO could improve the biological properties of CS-PVA (50:50) scaffold so that the complex would be appropriate for wound healing.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_122454_b241ed4d5ffd3da71cb96312541c9c59.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2021 01 20 Fabrication of silver nanocomposites by thiol-end capped ABC triblock copolymer and investigation of their Inhibitory effect against bacteria and yeast in vitro 56 63 122886 10.30502/jhhhm.2021.222008.1012 EN Farideh Mahmoodzadeh Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. Aliyeh Ghamkhari Institute of Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran. 0000-0003-0154-2701 Journal Article 2020 03 02 Background and objective: Silver nanoparticles are interested in antimicrobial studies due to their significant inhibitory effect. Despite the widespread research in this regard, preparation of water-dispersible and stable silver nanoparticles has not been solved sufficiently. At this work, fabrication, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of silver-decorated polymeric nanocomposite based on a pH-responsive thiol-end capped ABC triblock copolymer is presented. Materials and methods: PAA-b-PDMAEMAQ-b-PCL-SH triblock copolymer was firstly synthesized by combination of ring-opening polymerization and reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization techniques. For preparation of silver-decorated nanocomposite, the triblock copolymer was self-assembled into polymer micelles with 20 nm diameter. Then, Ag nanoparticles were incorporated into the core of micelles when reducing agent of sodium borohydride was added. The Ag-doped nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, UV-VIS spectroscopy, laser scattering technique, and transmission electron microscopy. Antimicrobial activity of the silver-doped nanocomposite was examined against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,and Candida albicans at three concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 mg/ml. Results and conclusion: The least and highest antagonisms were observed against E. coli by inhibition diameters of 4, 28 and 32 mm and C. albicans by inhibition diameters of 58, 101 and 119 mm for three concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 mg/ml, respectively. Among bacteria, the highest inhibition was observed for S. aureus by 45, 51 and 59 mm inhibition diameter induced by the three tested concentrations of the nanocomposite. It was accounted as 29, 34 and 40 mm inhibition diameter for B. cereus. Other than antimicrobial property, the synthesized silver nanocomposite could be introduced for de novo drug delivery system in cancer therapy by using both hydrophobic and hydrophilic anticancer drugs due to its physicochemical properties.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_122886_35e1a641cde6723736003326abe3fe5e.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2021 02 25 Investigation of transgenic elements in genetically modified maize germ (Zea mays) and maize germ oil distributed in local market by qualitative PCR method 64 70 127935 10.30502/jhhhm.2021.255349.1026 EN Hossein Rastegar Islamic Azad University, Medical Sciences Branch, Faculty of pharmacy, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0003-0294-1544 Roya Khosrokhavar Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. Shahram Shoeibi Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-5685-1213 Mehdi Jafariasl Zar Grain Refinery, Zarnam Farhikhtegan Industrial Research Group, Tehran, Iran. Arash Ershadi Zar Grain Refinery, Zarnam Farhikhtegan Industrial Research Group, Tehran, Iran. Mahdi Taherian General Directorate of Natural, Traditional and Complementary Products, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0003-4568-2837 Journal Article 2020 11 01 Background and objective: Detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is a controversial issue in food control. Due to the increased production and consumption of transgenic products in the last decade, their monitoring and characterization has come into force by the regulators. At this study, we examined the transgenic elements in maize germs and their oil by PCR. Materials and methods: Following the DNA extraction from maize germ and maize oil by CTAB and Wizard Magnetic methods, respectively, PCR test was conducted to analyze the genes CaMV35S, NOS, FMV, and zein. Then, the PCR products were electrophoresed on agarose gel 2% containing ethidium bromide. To avoid false negative and false positive results, appropriate control actions were implemented during the experiments. Results and conclusion: CaMV35S, NOS, FMV, and zein genes were detected and identified in transgenic maize germ samples, but no specific band of the transgenes was found for maize oil samples, indicating the DNA degradation during the oil production and purification process. It indicated that the current processes of maize germ oil production remove the residual transgenes. Therefore, the concerns about unintended intake of unknown genetic materials through the genetically modified crops such as maize oil is reduced to some extent.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_127935_edac26e7a794bb015d927427cea982be.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2021 02 10 Determination of ethanol content in industrial and domestic vinegar samples by headspace-gas chromatography 71 77 127954 10.30502/jhhhm.2021.259791.1028 EN Zeinab Pourjabbar Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Maryam Noohi Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fatemeh Salami Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohsen Amini Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Naficeh Sadeghi Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Halal Research Center of IRI., Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-1613-1617 Mannan Hajimahmoodi Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food and Drug Administration, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0003-0006-6125 Journal Article 2020 11 29 Background and objective: Vinegar, as a traditional fermented product, plays a significant role in human health and nutrition. This product is produced in different types industrially or domestically. Under production, the vinegar may contain ethanol that its inclusion is banned in the foods by Islam and its content should be adapted to the legislations developed in Islamic countries. Therefore, at this study we measured ethanol concentration of vinegars distributed in Tehran (capital city of Iran). Materials and methods: Headspace-gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector was developed for determination of ethanol. Acetonitrile and nitrogen were used as internal standard and carrier gas, respectively. For analysis, 140 samples (37 domestic and 103 industrial vinegars) were purchased from local market. Results and conclusion: Our developed method could successfully determine the ethanol content at low concentration. In this regard, LOD, LOQ, and recovery were 0.0069% v/v, 0.021% v/v, and 100.14%, respectively. In 13 samples, the ethanol content was higher than 0.5% v/v that is the maximum limit determined by Iranian national standard. Out of 13 samples, 10 vinegars were domestically prepared. Evaluation of our results revealed that ethanol concentration in domestic vinegars was higher than industrial products. Therefore, domestic production of vinegars should be controlled and monitored strictly.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_127954_425270e00852920c79f9ca922dd8b414.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2021 04 19 Hygienic profile and starch content of traditional yogurts in north of Iran 78 85 129411 10.30502/jhhhm.2021.276894.1029 EN Morteza Rahbar-Taramsari Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. 0000-0003-0950-7599 Marjan Mahdavo-Roshan Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Razi Teaching Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. 0000-0002-2645-6714 Kasra Hemmati School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. 0000-0002-2645-6714 Mojtaba Hedayati Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Journal Article 2021 03 09 Background and objective: Traditional dairies have been produced and consumed since long time ago. However, their quality status is not routinely examined. Therefore, we determined microbial content and starch level of traditional yogurts produced in north of Iran. Materials and methods: Detection of Coliforms and Escherichia coli (by MPN method), Staphylococcus aureus (by surface plating on Baird Parker agar) and yeast/mold (by surface plating on Dichloran Rose-Bengal Chloramphenicol Agar) were conducted. Starch inclusion was determined by addition of iodine reagent to the products and monitoring of color change. Results and conclusion: All samples were approved in Coliforms, E. coli, and S. aureus tests. Mold was detected in five samples and the all showed yeast growth more than accepted level. According to Iranian regulation about fermented foods containing yeast as starter that exempted from maximum limit of yeast, majority of yogurts were appropriate for consumption in view of yeast contamination. Most of the samples did not contain starch except for two yogurts containing high starch. Low microbial contamination and starch content in the samples was due to the use of safe raw materials and prominence of healthy microbes present in traditional dairies in Iran.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_129411_9e3e43be2497aacc26dbd80a4940abd1.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2021 01 18 Overview of the studies on authentication of gelatin using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics 86 93 122815 10.30502/jhhhm.2021.244697.1021 EN Roghayeh Akbarzadegan Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. Hamed Ahari Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-4450-2454 Anousheh Sharifan Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. Amir Ali Anvar Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2020 08 21 Background and objective: In recent years, global market of halal products has been greatly developed. Sign of "Halal" on foods’ label refers to their appropriateness for Muslim and Jewish buyers, which are banned from consumption of non-halal products such as porcine derived gelatin. Pig derivatives are marketed frequently in the world because they are relatively cheap and available. Therefore, development of simple and fast methods for authentication of halal foods and raw materials has been required. At this review, we studied one of common authentication approaches for qualification of gelatin by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Results and conclusion: Several analytical methods were conducted for evaluation of gelatin in foods. Among them, FT-IR was relatively interested because it is a simple, fast and reliable method and does not require complicated sample preparation. In some cases, it was superior to the molecular method of polymerase chain reactions (PCR) in detection of gelatin’s origin by least analytical uncertainties. Although, analysis of FT-IR results by modeling approaches such as chemometrics classification increases effectiveness of the developed method. In this review, we will show that FT-IR can be used routinely as alternative or complementary method to identify the source of gelatin with high precision.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_122815_2bfb7af09e882c5a148e9d4176e72020.pdf

Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2021 05 10 Biosensors as a rapid method for detection of non-halal ingredients in food products 94 103 130729 10.30502/jhhhm.2021.233755.1024 EN Zahra Khoshdouni Farahani Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0003-4254-0665 Fatemeh Khoshdouni Farahani Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2020 09 20 Background and objective: Market of halal products has been growing in last decades due to the increasing demand for halal foods by the consumers. Indeed, insertion of halal sign on labeling of food products is a requirement for export of the products to some countries. There are several approaches to identify non-halal ingredients in the matrices such as polymerase chain reaction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography mass spectroscopy, and high performance liquid chromatography, but their complexity and/or high cost of the experiments has led to more attention to biological-based approaches. In this review, we studied biosensors for authentication of halal food products. Results and conclusion: More than two billion Muslims live around the world that are halal food consumers. Biosensors are biological-based detectors used in food control purposes to identify minor elements. They have advantages such as fast detection of the target agent, portability, cost-effectiveness, and high sensitivity. Biosensors act by converting the chemical reactions to measurable signals. For example, some biosensors contain enzymes able to react with ethanol and diagnose it in the formula followed by a detectable response. Therefore, presence of ethanol which is now allowed in foods by Islam can be monitored by the biosensors within the least time. Moreover, tracing non-permitted meats such as pork meat in the food mixtures, which is commonly determined by gene sequencing techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, can also be detected by biosensors. In conclusion, well-designed biosensors are in-place diagnostic tools which can be considered as alternative to the other time-consuming and expensive tracing methods.

https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_130729_e13113e26fcec4611a79d247e8446569.pdf