Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 5 2 2024 12 28 Fabrication and characterization of chitosan/polyethylene oxide/Arctium lappa L. extract/graphene oxide nanofibrous scaffold for wound healing purposes 66 79 215569 10.30502/jhhhm.2025.504496.1103 EN Hossein Motahhary Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. Arash Montazeri Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. 0000-0001-8418-5791 Rasoul Shemshadi Department of Chemical Industry, National University of Skills (NUS), Tehran, Iran. Hossein Rastegar Halal Research Center of IRI., Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0003-0294-1544 Dehghan Navaei Ardeh Biomedical Engineering Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan. Journal Article 2024 11 05 Background and Objective: Due to the cell affinity of chitosan (CS), the hydrophilicity of polyethylene oxide (PEO), and the antibacterial activity of plant-derived compounds such as Arctium lappa L. (A. lappa) extract, a CS/PEO/A. lappa nanofiber reinforced with graphene oxide (GO) can be extensively used as wound healing dressings for skin tissue regeneration. Therefore, in this study, CS/PEO nanofibrous scaffolds containing different concentrations of extract and GO were fabricated using the electrospinning method. Materials and Methods: The CS/PEO scaffolds with a weight ratio of 1:2, containing different concentrations of A. lappa extract (15, 25, and 35% w/w), were fabricated using the electrospinning method. The optimal concentration of extract was 25% w/w based on the nanofibers' average diameter and its lower standard deviation. Then, 0.5 and 1% w/w of GO was added to the optimal solution of CS/PEO/A. lappa extract. The scaffolds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and antibacterial evaluation. Results and Conclusion: FE-SEM studies revealed that smooth, uniform, and defect-free electrospun nanofiber scaffolds were obtained between the average diameter of 226.61 ±14 and 643 ±152 nm. By addition of GO 1% w/w to CS/PEO/A. lappa 25% w/w, gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were better inhibited than gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). We concluded that incorporation of A. lappa extract and GO into CS/PEO nanofiber scaffold could improve its antibacterial and structural properties, making it suitable for potential biomedical applications.

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