Halal Research Center of Islamic Republic of Iran. Tel.: +98-21-88909033 Fax: +98-21-88890858 Email: jhhhm@halal.ac.ir IR.MCIG No. 85915 Human, Health and Halal Metrics 2717-1027 1 2 2021 02 10 Determination of ethanol content in industrial and domestic vinegar samples by headspace-gas chromatography 71 77 127954 10.30502/jhhhm.2021.259791.1028 EN Zeinab Pourjabbar Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Maryam Noohi Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fatemeh Salami Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohsen Amini Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Naficeh Sadeghi Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Halal Research Center of IRI., Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-1613-1617 Mannan Hajimahmoodi Drug and Food Control Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food and Drug Administration, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0003-0006-6125 Journal Article 2020 11 29 <strong>Background and objective: </strong>Vinegar, as a traditional fermented product, plays a significant role in human health and nutrition. This product is produced in different types industrially or domestically. Under production, the vinegar may contain ethanol that its inclusion is banned in the foods by Islam and its content should be adapted to the legislations developed in Islamic countries. Therefore, at this study we measured ethanol concentration of vinegars distributed in Tehran (capital city of Iran).<br /> <strong>Materials and methods:</strong> Headspace-gas chromatograph equipped with flame ionization detector was developed for determination of ethanol. Acetonitrile and nitrogen were used as internal standard and carrier gas, respectively. For analysis, 140 samples (37 domestic and 103 industrial vinegars) were purchased from local market.<br /> <strong>Results and conclusion:</strong> Our developed method could successfully determine the ethanol content at low concentration. In this regard, LOD, LOQ, and recovery were 0.0069% v/v, 0.021% v/v, and 100.14%, respectively. In 13 samples, the ethanol content was higher than 0.5% v/v that is the maximum limit determined by Iranian national standard. Out of 13 samples, 10 vinegars were domestically prepared. Evaluation of our results revealed that ethanol concentration in domestic vinegars was higher than industrial products. Therefore, domestic production of vinegars should be controlled and monitored strictly. https://jhhhm.halal.ac.ir/article_127954_425270e00852920c79f9ca922dd8b414.pdf